The ABCB1 Transporter in Alzheimer’s Disease
Identificadores
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12020/761ISSN: 2161-1459
DOI: 10.4172/2161-1459.1000e128
Fecha
2014-02-12Tipo de documento
articleÁrea/s de conocimiento
PsicologíaMateria/s Unesco
61 PsicologíaResumen
ABC genes, especially ABCB1 (ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B
(MDR/TAP), member 1; Doxorubicin resistance; Multidrug resistance
1; Multidrug resistance protein 1; P-glycoprotein 1; P glycoprotein 1/
multiple drug resistance 1;P-gp) (7q21.12), ABCC1 (9q31.1), ABCG2
(White1) (21q22.3), and other genes of this family encode proteins
which are essential for drug metabolism and transport. The multidrug
efflux transporters P-gp, multidrug-resistance associated protein 4
(MRP4) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), located on
endothelial cells lining brain vasculature, play important roles in limiting
movement of substances into and enhancing their efflux from the brain.
Transporters also cooperate with Phase I/Phase II metabolism enzymes
by eliminating drug metabolites. Their major features are their capacity
to recognize drugs belonging to unrelated pharmacological classes,
and their redundancy, by which a single molecule can act as a substrate
for different transporters. This ensures an efficient neuroprotection
against xenobiotic invasions. The pharmacological induction of ABC
gene expression is a mechanism of drug interaction, which may affect
substrates of the up-regulated transporter, and over expression of
MDR transporters confers resistance to anticancer agents and CNS
drugs [1,2]. Mutations in ABC transpo